Physical Therapy Assistant Practice Exam

What is a common contributing factor to the risk of falls in the elderly population?

1. Increased sensory perception

2. Decreased muscle mass

3. Improved balance

4. Higher levels of physical activity

The correct answer is: Decreased muscle mass

Decreased muscle mass is a significant contributing factor to the risk of falls in the elderly population. As individuals age, they commonly experience sarcopenia, which is the loss of muscle mass and strength. This reduction in muscle strength can lead to decreased stability and balance, making it more difficult for older adults to recover from a stumble or to react quickly to prevent a fall. Furthermore, weakened muscles can impact the ability to perform everyday activities safely, increasing the likelihood of falls in common situations. Maintaining muscle strength through resistance training and functional exercises is essential in helping to mitigate this risk and promote better overall mobility and balance in the elderly. In contrast, increased sensory perception, improved balance, and higher levels of physical activity generally contribute positively to stability and safety, reducing the likelihood of falls. Therefore, decreased muscle mass stands out as a primary concern in fall risk assessments for older adults.